Liberty Square
As you cross the wooden timber bridge to the left of Cinderella’s castle just off the central hub, you’ll enter a land that most people overlook on their rush to Splash Mountain or the Haunted Mansion. However transitional this space may appear, it is actually a defined “land”, called Liberty Square. And though small in statue compared to the other lands, the detailing, attention to theme, and use of authentic architectural design makes Liberty Square, in this writer’s opinion, a favorite Magic Kingdom land and one of Disney World’s true hidden gems.
Originally designed for Disneyland in California, Liberty Square was built for Disney World when plans for putting it in the California theme park were shelved. The Square is themed to colonial America in the era around the time of the American Revolutionary War. It is unique in that it tells true historical stories of the time meshed with fiction. Liberty Square is also special in that it is unique to Disney World, and cannot be found in any other Disney theme park.
Liberty Square’s roots lie in Walt Disney’s great love and fascination for American history which bled through in much of his work. In a 1957 interview, Walt Disney said “There’s an American theme behind the whole park. I believe in emphasizing the story of what made America great and what will keep it great.” Walt Disney wanted to capture a vision of American history in Disneyland with Liberty Street, but that dream was never realized for Disneyland. With the opening of Disney World, the opportunity produced itself to create a land that was based on Walt’s vision and intention for Liberty Street In Disneyland.
When you are in Liberty Square, you are immersed in architectural details, sights and sounds of early America, beginning in the 1700s to the mid-1800’s and developing geographically from the East Coast to the expansion across the Mississippi to the West. To truly take in the beauty of Liberty Square, one should view the entire land as a progression of time and history. This progression is best seen starting just outside Liberty Square in Fantasyland. Fantasyland is a make-believe world of stories rooted in European culture. Pinnochio’s Village House = Italy, Snow White = Germany, Peter Pan’s Flight = England. Peter Pan’s Flight is the last attraction in the physical progression towards Liberty Square. If you equate Peter Pan’s Flight (and the architecture it represents) to England, England is the jumping off point for crossing the Atlantic to the new world. As you cross under the passageway between the two lands (often called “portals” by imagineers), you virtually cross from the old world to the new world. You leave behind the sights and sounds reminiscent of old Europe. The background music changes to colonial era fife and drums, and you have been magically deposited on the shores of America in a New England seaport city, with the Columbia Harbour House to your left welcoming tired and weary sea travelers.
The Columbia Harbour House is a quick service dining location, serving chicken, fish, and New England Clam Chowder (what else!). The building itself is a tribute to the great whaling and sailing ships and worth a peak inside, even if you don’t plan to eat. Explore the many rooms and nooks of the building for sailing and whaling memorabilia. Nautical details abound in the dining room meant to look like a meeting place and tavern of the time.
Back out on the Square, the buildings that surround you are not just one architectural style, but a blend of several styles found throughout the early American cities and the eastern Atlantic seacoast. Represented here is the Federal Style seen in the civic buildings of Philadelphia and Boston, the Dutch New Amsterdam Design of the Hudson River Valley, and the Georgian Style reminiscent of Williamsburg, Virginia.
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| The Haunted Mansion is modeled after the Harry Packer Mansion in Pennsylvania |
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| This hearse is authentic, built during the civil war era, and used in the John Wayne film, "The Sons of Katy Elder" |
In 2011 the queue was expanded and re-imagineered for an interactive guest experience. There's lots of things to see and touch. Be sure to take a detour through the left hand side of the queue to experience this. Tombstones with quirky epitaths pay respect to the legendary imagineers who worked on the attraction:
In Memory of our Patriarch
Dear Departed
Grandpa Marc
[Marc Davis, Show Designer]
Dear Departed
Brother Dave
He Chased a Bear Into Cave
[Dave Burkhart, Model Builder]
Here Lies
Good Old Fred
A Great Big Rock Fell On His Head
Rest In Peace
[Fred Joerger, Model Designer]
Dear sweet Leota,
Beloved by all
In regions beyond now,
But having a ball
[Leota Toombs, Face of Madame Leota]
Notice as you enter curve of the the queue, you can no longer see Liberty Square. This detail adds to the ominous nature of the home, making it seem like you are isolated from the rest of the town.
The Haunted Mansion is my favorite attraction, and definitely a classic among Disney aficionados. The details outside and inside the manor house are tremendous. Once ushered into the house by the somber maids and butlers who work there, you begin a supernatural journey through dusty rooms, eerie hallways, a ghostly ballroom, a haunted attic, and a graveyard filled with merry ghosts. At the end of your journey, a team of 3 hitchhiking ghosts volunteer to “follow you home”. The Haunted Mansion envokes many classic special effects such as the use of Pepper’s Ghost, an illusion invented in the mid-19th century. The “ghosts” are reflections in a large sheet of glass of audio-animatronic figures located above and below the viewer. Mirrors are used to create the Endless hallway, and scrims and lighting are used to make ghosts appear to be ethereal. Simple, but effective techniques.
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| The number 1787 on the front of the building denotes the year of the constitution convention. |
While Liberty Square is a visual feast for the eyes, notice what you hear. I bet you never thought about the background music played here? Much of the music heard in this area reflects music from the colonial times which was less American music and more ballads and folk songs brought from England and other parts of Europe adapted to the American culture with instruments of the time including violins, fifes, recorders, drums and and flutes. True to Disney form, the music in this area was recorded using only the instruments available during the colonial period.
In the center of Liberty Square, under the shadow of the grand Liberty Oak, you will find a replica of the Liberty Bell created from a cast of the original in Philadelphia. In 1976, 50 replicas were cast and molded in honor of the US bi-centennial. Each state would receive one. However, since the state of Pennsylvania already had one (the original), the Walt Disney World corporation asked if they could have Pennsylvania’s reproduction for it’s Liberty Square. The state agreed and on July 4th , 1989, the replica Liberty Bell found it’s permanent location inside Liberty Square. 
The Liberty Tree that stands in the square is a real southern live oak. Over 100 years old, it stands 40ft tall, 60 ft wide making it is the largest living specimen in the kingdom. This tree was transplanted from another area on Disney property. It is said to have created more than 500 trees from its acorns. Thirteen distinct lanterns hang from it’s branches representing the 13 original colonies.
Also in this area, you can find the only table service dining location in this land, the Liberty Tree Tavern. This location serves traditional new England-inspired cuisine set in an 18th-century American inn. Another quaint and notable shop is Ye Old Christmas Shoppe, where you can find Christmas decorations year round. Ye Olde Christmas Shoppe is actually a series of buildings and storefronts designed with 2nd story residences to give the appearance that you are in a real colonial town. Each “shop” within Ye Olde Christmas Shoppe has it’s own purpose and character: there is a Music Teacher’s Shop with instruments of the time and sheet music, next door is a Woodcaver’s Shop complete with tools and implements of his trade, and the last portion of the building houses a family home to a German folk artist and craftman. Every nook and crany is filled with detailed items that complete the home.
Upon the Rivers of America which represent not just one river but four: the Hudson, Mississippi and Missouri, and Colorado river, guests will find a real working steamboat of the time, the Liberty Belle.
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| The Liberty Belle |
The narration on the boat is provided by Samual Clements (aka Mark Twain) and takes you along the shoreline of Tom Sawyer’s Island passing by Indian encampments, the River Pirates’ hideout, Fort Langhorn, and an abandoned settler’s cabin. This manmade river is dark and murky for a purpose. The water is less than 10 feet deep and the riverboat runs along a track underwater which needs not to be seen. This steamship is not only a leasurely cruise along the river, but provides a transitional element between Liberty Square and Fronterland transporting guests not only in time from late 1700s to mid 1800s, but geographically from the settlements of the East to the frontier of the West.
As you traveling towards Frontierland, you leave behind the grand cities of the east, heading into the new frontier of the west (denoted by Big Thunder Mountain Railroad). On your way, you pass the great Mississippi River represented by the Rivers of America and finally reach St. Louis, Missouri and the famous Diamond Horseshoe Saloon. Today the Diamond Horseshoe Saloon is a seasonal counter service dining location, but it was more than that when the park opened. This location hosted a Western saloon show complete with cancan dancers, singers, a live band, and comedian. It was a great stage show.
St Louis is your last stop in Liberty Square before your transition to Frontierland. At this location, no portal is needed as you are standing in the cross-roads of America in time and geography. You are now leaving colonial America and will be entering into the Wild West where thar’ are bears, mine trains, briar patches, and Cowboys and Indians.
Before we depart Liberty Square, take a moment to find these hidden details:
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| Disney makes it appear as if there is a brown channel running down the middle of the street. True to the time, that was the form of drainage. |
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  The stockades and pillories make great photo opportunities |
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| Minute Man Rifle in a window near the Hall of Presidents |
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| Details in The Olde Christmas Shoppe |
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| Authentic looking window hardware is used throughout Liberty Square |
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| All the shutters on the windows are hanging crooked. This is because in those times leather was used to fasten shutters on and would stretch over time to hang crooked. |
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| The addresses on the doors are all two numbers. If you put 18 in front of it, that is the style of door that they would have had for that year. |
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| Latern Liberty Square complete with seed glass |
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